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There are three main interpretive paradigms for understanding Paul’s writings available today within mainstream, predominantly Protestant, scholarship. The diagram below names the paradigms, briefly notes the defining characteristics, and mentions some of the major exponents. It also highlights the significance of the boundaries between them. It obviously oversimplifies the picture, and you may… (Read more...)
Here is the question. When Paul says, “for us one God the Father…, and one Lord Jesus Christ” (1 Cor. 8:6), are the terms “God… Lord” between them a reference to the shemaʿ: “Hear, Israel: the Lord our God, the Lord is one” (Deut. 8:6 LXX*)?It has become a stock argument of those holding to an Early High Christology that Paul has assimilated Jesus into the divine identity by reassigning… (Read more...)
The NIV is unusual in translating en morphēi theou hyparchōn in Philippians 2:6 as “being in very nature God,” but the translation nevertheless reflects a widespread and longstanding assumption that to be “in the form of God” means to share in his nature or essence or being.Scholars know that this is problematic. The difficulty has been handled in different ways. For example, Vincent… (Read more...)
My argument about the other encomium, in Colossians 1:15-20, is that it makes Christ Jesus the beginning of a new political-religious order, in which government in heaven and government on earth have been reconciled.1Hitherto the rule of God and rule over the nations of the Greek-Roman world have been in conflict, at odds with each other. God is king in heaven, but pagan kings rule on… (Read more...)
Crispin Fletcher-Louis has written a monster book—nearly a thousand pages—about the Christ encomium in Philippians 2:6-11: The Divine Heartset: Paul’s Philippians Christ Hymn, Metaphysical Affections, and Civic Virtues (Wipf & Stock, 2023). About 20% is available on Google Books. We get a pretty good idea of the thrust of it from the blurb:The passage’s praise of Christ engages… (Read more...)